TBI-AGGRESSION OR AGITATION INITIAL MGM

SUMMARY

1. Identify if this is an emergency issue that requires immediate intervention (risk of harm).

2. Consider possible differential diagnosis: drug withdrawal, delirium tremens (DTs), infection, pain, hypoxia, seizure disorder.

3. Consider environmental issues: low-stimulation environment, reduction of physical discomfort, reduction of lines/direct restraints, reorientation, scheduled toileting program, evaluating and treating sleep–wake cycle reversal.

4. Medication management: minimize cognitive-impairing medications (benzodiazepines, typical antipsychotics), chemical sedation for immediate effect if there is risk of injury to person or property (atypical antipsychotics).

Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.