SPASTICITY

SUMMARY

1. Spasticity is abnormal, velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflex with exaggerated tendon jerks of affected muscles at rest.

2. Usually seen days to weeks post-ischemic stroke, follows UL flexor & LL extensor patterns.

3. Spastic equinovarus is the most common presentation, most frequently encountered during the terminal swing and stance phase.

4. Lower limb spasticity may aid hemiplegic patient to weight-bear on affected leg during stance phase.

5. Primary goals of treatment are improvement in gait velocity and quality, reduced pain and improved posture.

6. Spasticity in the hemiplegic lower extremity is generally not treated, unless it impacts function and results in significant pain.

7. Main indication for treatment of lower extremity spasticity is equinovarus, caused by spasticity of the gastrocnemius and tibialis posterior muscles.

Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.