SHOULDER SUBLUXATION

SUMMARY

1. Clinically presents as a palpable gap between the acromion and humeral head (increased acromio-humeral gap distance). More commonly, inferior subluxation.

2. Pathogenic factors: steep angulation of glenoid fossa, weak supraspinatus muscle, weak scapular support on thoracic cage, contraction of the deltoid and rotator cuff muscles on the abducted humerus.

3. A number of recent studies failed to show any correlation between shoulder subluxation and pain. Pain is likely caused by spasticity.

4. Basmajian principle: Decreased trapezius tone ⟹ the scapula rotates and humeral head subluxes from the glenoid fossa.

Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.