RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS (RTA)-TYPE 1

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SUMMARY

1. Type 1 distal RTA is a problem in the H+-ATPase of the intercalated cells in the late distal tubule and cortical collecting duct that results in failure to acidify the urine.
2. It is associated with hypokalemia & hypercalciuria +/- nephrocalcinosis (stone formation), urine is alkaline.

HYPOKALAEMIA CAUSES
3. Sodium is reabsorbed in exchange for a cation => impaired hydrogen secretion => increase K+ secretion.

4. Metabolic acidosis in PCT => reduce Na+ reabsorption => stimulates aldosterone => K+ wasting.


Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

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