PARKINSONS (SEVERE) Tx-SURGERY INDICATIONS

SUMMARY

1. Patients refractory to medical therapy (including multiple agents).

2. Patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesias (especially those with associated painful muscle spasms). Initial results indicate that these are very responsive to pallidotomy.

3. Gait and postural instability as well as falls and freezing.

4. Patients primarily with rigidity or bradykinesia (unilateral or bilateral), on-off fluctuations or dystonia.

Reference(s)

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Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].