PAIN-YELLOW FLAG SYMPTOMS

SUMMARY

1. Catastrophizing: thinking the worst.

2. Reporting extreme pain disproportionate to the condition.

3. Having unhelpful beliefs about pain and work: for instance, ‘if I go back to work my pain will get worse’.

4. Becoming preoccupied with health, over-anxious, distressed and low in mood.

5. Fear of movement and of re-injury.

6. Uncertainty about what the future holds.

7. Changes in behavior or recurring behaviors.

8. Expecting other people or interventions to solve the problems (being passive in the process) and serial visits to various practitioners for help with no improvement.

9. Work-place issues, litigation.

Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.