OSTEOPOROSIS-MANAGEMENT (ESTROGEN SIDE EFFECTS)

SUMMARY

1. Side effects:
- Endometrial cancer risk increases if estrogen is given without progesterone
- Breast cancer if prolonged use after menopause
- Thromboembolic disease
- Cardiac risks/benefits with use of estrogen remain controversial

2. Absolute contraindications: breast cancer, estrogen-dependent neoplasia, thromboembolic disorder, hypercoagulable states, unexplained vaginal bleeding.

3. Relative contraindications: uterine leiomyomas or cancer, familial hypertriglyceridemia, migraine, strong family history of breast cancer, endometriosis, chronic hepatic dysfunction, gallbladder disease.

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].