GLOMERULONEPHRITIS-NEPHROTIC SYNDROME INX

SUMMARY

1. Nephrotic urine reflects defects in the selectivity of glomerular ultrafiltration.

2. This can be due to changes in the charge or size of the selective barrier in the glomerular base­ment membrane (GBM).

3. Typically heavy proteinuria, and urine fat may be visible as oval fat bodies, fatty/waxy casts, and renal tubular cells with lipid droplets.

4. The urine sediment is usually normal except for the fat.

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].