DIABETES MELLITUS-SGLT 2 INHIBITORS
SUMMARY
1. The EMPA REG study has shown significant and rapid redction in CV risk factors, reduction in hospitalization for heart failure and other CV events in patients taking Empagliflozin[1].
2. Similar results have been shown for patients using Canagliflozinin the CANVAS study[2]. However there were also complications such as low-trauma fractures and lower extremity amputations (mechanisms unclear). However the benefits outweight the risks.
3. SGLT2 inhibitors currently have stronger data for reduction of heart failure and progression of renal disease.
4. SGLT2 inhibitors work on the proximal tubules to reduce sodium & glucose reabsorption: lower glucose levels, lower BP, inc. urinary caloric loss with weight reduction, reduces albuminuria possibly due to alterations in tubuloglomerular feedback.
Reference(s)
- ↑ Zinman B, et al. Empagliflozin, N Engl J Med. 2015
- ↑ Neal, B., Perkovic, V., Mahaffey, K., de Zeeuw, D., Fulcher, G., Erondu, N., Shaw, W., Law, G., Desai, M. and Matthews, D., 2017. Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 377(7), pp.644-657
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Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].
