COSTAL ELEMENTS-SACRAL VERTEBRAE

From NeuroRehab.wiki

SUMMARY

1. The 5 sacral vertebrae are fused to form a single bone.

2. The costal elements are fused to form the lateral mass of the sacrum.
Bony-pelvis-illustrations.jpg

Image: Case courtesy of OpenStax College, Radiopaedia.org. From the case rID: 42764.


Reference(s)

R.M.H McMinn (1998). Last’s anatomy: regional and applied. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Get it on Amazon.
Drake, Richard L., et al. Gray's Anatomy for Students. Elsevier, 2023. Get it on Amazon.