CLINICAL-CAUSES OF HYPOGLOSSAL PALSY

SUMMARY

1. Bilateral UMN lesions (pseudobulbar palsy): stroke, MS, severe TBI, MND.

2. Bilaeral LMN lesions: GBS, AC malformation, poliomyelitis.

3. Unilateral central LMN lesions: vertebral artery thrombosis, syringobulbia, MND.

4. Unilateral peripheral LMN lesions: ICA aneurysm at the jugular foramen, chronic meningitis, BOS tumors.

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].