APHASIA-NEUROANATOMY

SUMMARY

1. Broca's Aphasia: Broca's area (Brodman areas 44 and 45) is situated in the inferior frontal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere, centered on the pars triangularis (the area between the ascending and horizontal rami of the lateral sulcus). Lies below and in front of the face area.

2. Transcortical Motor Aphasia: injury to the frontal lobe, anterior or superior to Broca's area or in the subcortical region deep to Broca's area.

3. Wernicke's Aphasia: posterior speech area of Wernicke (Brodmann area 40) is in the posterior parts of the superior and middle temporal gyri and extends into the lower part of the parietal lobe. It is responsible for interpretation of auditory information. In the dominant hemisphere it constitutes the Wernickie's area.

4. Transcortical Sensory Aphasia: watershed stroke isolating the perisylvian speech structures (Broca's and Wernicke's areas) from the posterior brain.

5. Conduction Aphasia: stroke of the parietal operculum (arcuate fasciculus), insula or deep to the supramarginal gyrus.

6. Global Aphasia: generally involves the entire MCA region.

Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.