PAIN-CHRONIC PAIN, OPIOIDS
SUMMARY
1. Good short term efficacy in both neuropathic and musculoskeletal pain.
2. Average pain reduction with long-term opioid therapy ~32%
3. No controlled study on opioid efficacy longer than 16 weeks.
4. No evidence beyond 6 months.
5. Daily doses of Morphine >180mg, or equivalent, have not been validated.
6. 80% of patients experienced at least one adverse event.
Reference(s)
1. Balantyne JC, Mao J. N Engl J Med. 2003:349;1943-1953
2. Turk DC. Clin J Pain. 2002;18:355-365
3. Lalso E. Edwards JE. Moore RA. McQuay HJ. Pain 2004; 112: 372-80
Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.