MUSCLES-GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

SUMMARY

1. Arises from the gluteal surface of the ileum (behind the posterior gluteal line) + lateral mass of sacrum (below the articular surface) + sacrotuberous ligament + lumbar fascia. 

2. It's deep, lower half is inserted into the gluteal tuberosity of the femur, the remaining 3/4 of the muscle, enclosed by a splitting fascia lata, is inserted into the upper half of the iliotibial tract in continuity with the tensor fasciae latae.

3. There are 3 bursae beneath the muscle: one over the greater trochanter, one over the ischeal tuberosity, one over the vastus lateralis. 

4. Its blood supply arises from the superior and inferior gluteal arteries and its veins form a plexus beneath the muscle.  

5. The muscle is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5 + S1 + S2).

6. Action - external rotation and extension of the hip joint.

Reference(s)

R.M.H McMinn (1998). Last’s anatomy: regional and applied. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Gray, H., Carter, H.V. and Davidson, G. (2017). Gray’s anatomy. London: Arcturus.