SPINA BIFIDA-PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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SUMMARY

1. Failure of closure and abnormal differentiation of embryonic neural tube in first 4 weeks gestation.

2. Incidence is decreasing due to improved dietary folate (from mandatory fortification of foods), improved prenatal diagnosis.


Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.