SPINA BIFIDA-COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS

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SUMMARY

PRONOUNCED
1. Attention
2. Psychomotor speed
3. Visuospatial reasoning
4. Visually-guided goal-directed action
5. Reading comprehension
6. Pragmatics of speech: learning in context
7. Executive function

PRESERVED
1. Mathematical fact retrieval
2. Vocabulary
3. Word recognition

NB: there is no proven risk of dementia in these patients.


Reference(s)

Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. Get it on Amazon.
Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. Get it on Amazon.
O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. Get it on Amazon.