CELL MEMBRANE-TRANSPORT

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SUMMARY

1. Exocytosis: vesicles containing material for export are targetted to the cell membrane via the v-SNARE/t-SNARE coupling mechanism. 2 pathways for secretion: non-constitutive pathway (proteins from the Golgi apparatus enter secretory granules to be processed) & constitutive pathway (proteins are transported directly to the cell membrane)

2. Endocytosis: via phagocytosis (cell-eating), pinocytosis (cell-drinking), clathrin-mediated endocytosis (occurs at membrane indentations where clathrin accumulates), caveolae-dependent uptake (occurs at membrane indentations where caveolin accumulates), non-clathrin/noncaveolae endocytosis

3. Small non-polar (O2 & N2) and uncharged polar-molecules (CO2) diffuse freely across the membrane

4. Transport proteins


Reference(s)

Barrett, K.E., Barman, S.M., Brooks, H.L., X, J. and Ganong, W.F. (2019). Ganong’s review of medical physiology. 26th ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Education