AUTOREGULATION-PGI2 vs TXA2

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SUMMARY

PGI-2
1. Prostacylin (PGI-2) produced by endothelial & smooth muscle cells in blood vessels
2. PGI-2 inhibits platelet aggregation & promote vasodilation.

TXA-2
3. Thromboxane A2 (TXA-2) released from platelets, derived from arachnidonic acid via COX pathway.
4. TXA-2 promotes platelet aggregation & vasoconstriction, thus promoting ‘plug’ formation.

BALANCE!
5. Balance between the 2 controls localized clot formation, while maintaining distal blood flow.
6. Aspirin shift this balance towards PGI-2 by irreversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase.


Reference(s)

Barrett, K.E., Barman, S.M., Brooks, H.L., X, J. and Ganong, W.F. (2019). Ganong’s review of medical physiology. 26th ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Education