THYROID-PHYSIOLOGY

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SUMMARY

1. TRH in the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to secrete TSH, which then stimulates secretion of thyroxine (T4) by the thyroid.

2. Triiodothyronine (T3) is the active hormone; 80% is produced by deiodination of T4 in the peripheral tissues, 20% secreted by the gland.

3. T4 & T3 bind to TBG and albumin.

4. Only a very small fraction of the total T4 and total T3 is unbound, free & active. These are the components that are measured.


Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].