STROKE-RISK FACTORS, PRIMARY PREVENTION

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SUMMARY

The American Heart Association (AHA) & American Stroke Association (ASA) published 2010 guidelines for primary prevention of stroke:

1. Treatment of HTN & hyperlipidemia
2. Smoking cessation
3. Diet and exercise
4. Treatment of AF with anticoagulation: aspirin (CHADS score 1), warfarin, aspirin & clopidogrel (in patients unable to tolerate warfarin), dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban (CHADS score > 1)
5. Carotid endarterectomy if > 70% stenosis in selected patients, if operative morbidity and mortality is < 3%
6. Prophylaxis for migraine
7. Evaluation and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
8. Screening for aneurysms with CTA or MRA for patients who have 2 or more 1st degree relatives with SAH/aneurysms or ADPKD


Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

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