ANKLE SPRAIN-INX & MANAGEMENT

SUMMARY

1. Pain over the anterior talo-fibular ligament, hematoma discoloration & positive anterior drawer test has a 96% sensitivity & 84% specificity for diagnosing a grade 2/3 sprain.

2. A positive squeeze test (compressing the tibia and fibula at mid-calf) and external rotation test (externally rotating the dorsi-flexed foot) are suggestive of a syndesmotic injury.

3. Investigated with radiography.

4. Differential: avulsion fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal can occur from the pull of peroneus brevis.

5. If non-displaced or mildly displaced, these fractures can usually be treated non-operatively with use of an orthopedic shoe for 1 to 2 weeks.

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].