PARKINSONS & PARKINSONISM-ATYPICAL PARKINSONISM CAUSES

SUMMARY

DISEASE assoc. with COGNITIVE DEFICITS
1. Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD): PD with onset of dementia
2. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)
3. Vascular Parkinsonism (VP): predominantly lower limb symptoms
4. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): Hakim's triad

MULTI-SYSTEM DISEASES
5. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): subtypes - Steele Richardson Syndrome, PSP-P, PAGF, PNFA; eye signs, postural reflexes, wide eyed stare
6. Multiple system atrophy (MSA): Shy-Drager, Striatonigral degeneration (SND/MSA-P), Olivopontocerebellar degeneration (OPCA/MSA-C); polyminimyoclonus, cerebellar signs, deepening nasolabial folds, autonomic dysfunction
7. Corticobasal syndrome (CBS): alien limb, frontal lobe dysfunction, cognitive impairments
8. Psychogenic Movement Disorders

HEREDITARY NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
9. Huntington disease
10. Spinocerebellar ataxia
11. Wilson disease
12. Mitochondrial cytopathies
13. Hereditary hemochromatosis

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].