INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION-MECHANISMS

SUMMARY

1. Extracellular ligands are called first messengers & intracellular mediators are called second messengers.


2. The receptor-ligand interaction is transduced into secondary response within the cell.

3. Second messengers do the following: ion channel activation, G-protein activation, intracellular enzyme activation, transcription activation.

4. The cell signalling pathway amplifies the primary signal and distributes it to appropriate targets within the cell.

5. The predominant post-translational modification of proteins is phosphorylation via kinases (phosphorylate tyrosine/serine/theornine residues) or phosphatases (remove phosphates from proteins/lipids).

Reference(s)

Barrett, K.E., Barman, S.M., Boitano, S., Brooks, H.L., Weitz, M., Brian Patrick Kearns, Ganong, W.F. and Mcgraw-Hill Education (Firm (2016). Ganong’s review of medical physiology. 25th ed. New York: Mcgraw Hill Education.
Hall, J.E. and Hall, M.E. (2020). Guyton And Hall Textbook Of Medical Physiology. 14th ed. S.L.: Elsevier - Health Science.
West, J.B. and Luks, A.M. (2021). West’s Pulmonary Pathophysiology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.