ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI)-PRE RENAL AKI CAUSES

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SUMMARY

HYPOPERFUSION
1. Severe intravascular volume loss from volume depletion, blood loss, hypotension, or diuretics
2. Renal artery stenosis or fibromuscular dysplasia causing reduced blood volume to the kidneys
3. Renal hypoperfusion: beware normotension in a patient on multiple antihypertensives that are being withheld indicates renal hypoperfusion

DRUGS
4. Drugs that cause vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles: NSAIDs (afferent), post-transplant immunosuppression drugs (afferent)

SYNDROMES
5. Systolic dysfunction (cardiorenal syndrome)
6. Hepatorenal syndrome
7. Abdominal compartment syndrome


Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

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