CARDIAC OUTPUT (CO)-SITUATIONAL CHANGES

SUMMARY

1. No change in CO: sleep, moderate changes in temp

2. Increased CO: anxiety, eating, exercise, pregnancy, drugs (adrenaline, etc)

3. Decreased CO: sitting/resting, rapid arrhythmia, heart disease

Reference(s)

Barrett, K.E., Barman, S.M., Brooks, H.L., X, J. and Ganong, W.F. (2019). Ganong’s review of medical physiology. 26th ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Education