Difference between revisions of "ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME-INVESTIGATIONS"

Latest revision as of 20:03, 13 March 2023

SUMMARY

1. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC): binds to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane.

2. Lupus anticoagulant is a misnomer, as it is actually a prothrombotic agent.

3. These antibodies increase laboratory coagulation tests such as the APTT but patients are hypercoagulable. Even after dilution, APTT remains elevated indicating the presence of antibodies.

3. Anticardiolipin antibodies (lgG or lgM in medium/high titer)

4. Anti-beta₂- glycoprotein 1 antibodies (lgG or lgM at any titer)

Reference(s)

Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Get it on Amazon.
Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. Get it on Amazon.
Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

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 ==Reference(s)==
-Wilkinson, I. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
+Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [https://amzn.to/3YHrI6K Get it on Amazon.]
+<br/>Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. [https://amzn.to/3k7WSW0 Get it on Amazon.]
 <br/>Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
 <br/>Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].