View source for RENAL PHYSIOLOGY-URINARY ANION GAP

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. The Urine Anion Gap (UAG) is used to evaluate the etiology of normal AG metabolic acidosis to differentiate between GIT loss of HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and RTA. 
<br/>
<br/>2. UAG is an estimate of unmeasured ions, particularly NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, expressed in mEq/L: [[Image:paste-3036541878298.jpg]]
<br/>
<br/>3. Normal value of UAG is close to 0.
<br/>
<br/>4. A positive UAG value suggests low urinary NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>which decreases Cl<sup>- </sup>in the urine (e.g., RTA Type 4).
<br/>
<br/>5. A negative UAG value suggests high urinary NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>which increases Cl<sup>-</sup> in the urine (e.g., diarrhea). Remember ne<i>GUT</i>ive UAG in cases of diarrhea.


==Reference(s)==
Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [https://amzn.to/3YHrI6K Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. [https://amzn.to/3k7WSW0 Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
<br/>Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

[[Category:Renal Physiology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]