View source for PULMONARY ARTERY CATHETERIZATION-NORMAL PRESSURES

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. RA &lt; 7 cmH2O, RV = 30/7 cmH2O, PCWP &lt; 12 cmH2O.
<br/>
<br/>2. Jugular venous distension in the upright patient indicates an elevated RA pressure &gt; 7 cmH<sub>2</sub>O (5 mmHg).
<br/>
<br/>3. PCWP increases with LV systolic and diastolic failure, MS, aortic and mitral insufficiency, tamponade, constrictive pericarditis and ventricular hypertrophy. 
<br/>
<br/>4. Consider LV failure if the PCWP is &gt; 15-18 cmH2O; PCWP 15-25 cmH2O causes dyspnea on exertion (DOE); and PCWP 25-35 cmH2O causes dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, and interstitial edema. Pressure &gt; 35 cmH2O (acutely) causes frank pulmonary edema.


==Reference(s)==
Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [https://amzn.to/3YHrI6K Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. [https://amzn.to/3k7WSW0 Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
<br/>Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

[[Category:Pulmonary Artery Catheterization]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]