View source for PAIN-ADDICTION, TOLERANCE, DEPENDENCE

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
<i>1. Addiction:</i> disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
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<br/><i>2. Tolerance:</i> pharmacological concept describing subjects' reduced reaction to a drug following its repeated use. Increasing its dosage may re-amplify the drug's effects; however, this may accelerate tolerance, further reducing the drug's effects.
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<br/><i>3. Dependence:</i> ICD-10 defines the dependence syndrome as being a cluster of physiological, behavioural, and cognitive phenomena in which the use of a substance or a class of substances takes on a much higher priority for a given individual than other behaviours that once had greater value.


==Reference(s)==
[https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/terminology/definition1/en/ https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/terminology/definition1/en/]
<br/>Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. [https://amzn.to/3SaP42r Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. [https://amzn.to/417imTk Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. [https://amzn.to/3Kc2MA2 Get it on Amazon.]

[[Category:Pain]]
[[Category:Rehabilitation]]