View source for HYPONATREMIA-CENTRAL PONTINE MYELINOLYSIS

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. Now called osmotic demyelination syndrome. 
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<br/>2. If the sodium concentration is raised too rapidly, the cells can shrink rapidly causing demyelination syndrome. 
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<br/>3. This rare effect is more likely to occur in the patient with chronic, severe hyponatremia (Na<sup>+</sup> &lt; 115 mEq/L for &gt; 2 days) whose sodium is corrected rapidly (&gt; 10 mEq/L over 24 hours).
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<br/>4. Symptoms are delayed by about a week, compared to the rise in the sodium concentration, and are usually not reversible.
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<br/>5. Presentation includes speech and swallowing difficulties, weakness or paralysis, cognitive deficits, seizures and coma.


==Reference(s)==
Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [https://amzn.to/3YHrI6K Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. [https://amzn.to/3k7WSW0 Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
<br/>Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

[[Category:Hyponatremia]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]