View source for CANCER REHABILITATION-BONE INVOLVEMENT

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. The most consistent symptom is pain that is most severe at night or upon weight bearing.
<br/>2. In patients with spinal involvement, pain may be worse lying down and improves with sitting.
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<br/><i>SITES</i>
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<br/>3. Skeletal metastases are rarely solitary, usually involving the axial skeleton, proximal femur, and humerus.
<br/>4. 70% of spinal metastases occur in the thoracic spine.
<br/>5. 95% are extradural in origin and involve the vertebral body anterior to the spinal canal.
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<br/><i>FRACTURE SITES</i>
<br/>6. Pathologic fractures occur in 10% to 30% of patients with bone lesions. 
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<br/>7. The proximal femur is the most common site of pathological fractures.


==Reference(s)==
Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. [https://amzn.to/3SaP42r Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. [https://amzn.to/417imTk Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. [https://amzn.to/3Kc2MA2 Get it on Amazon.]

[[Category:Cancer Rehabilitation]]
[[Category:Rehabilitation]]