View source for ASIA-OPTIONAL ADDITIONAL MUSCLE TESTING

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. Diaphragm: tested using vital capacity or under fluroscopy. Movement of the hemidiaphragm <b>≥</b> 2 interspaces is normal. 
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<br/>2. Deltoids: major contributor for reach of the upper extremity. Cannot be properly tested in the supine position. 
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<br/>3. Abdominal muscles: T6-T12. Look for Beevor sign: with the patient flexing the head &amp; neck, the umbilicus will move rostrally if the patient has a lesion below T10 because of the intact muscles above T10.  
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<br/>4. Hip adductors: important to monitor as these are the first muscles to recover after injury of the lower extremeties. 


==Reference(s)==
Cifu, D.X. (2020). Braddom’s physical medicine and rehabilitation. Elsevier. [https://amzn.to/3SaP42r Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Cuccurullo, S. (2019). Physical medicine and rehabilitation board review. New York: Demosmedical. [https://amzn.to/417imTk Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>O’Young, B., Young, M.A. and Stiens, S.A. (2008). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Secrets. Mosby. [https://amzn.to/3Kc2MA2 Get it on Amazon.]

[[Category:American Spinal Injury Association Scale]]
[[Category:Rehabilitation]]