View source for ACID BASE DISORDERS-ALKALEMIA & CALCIUM

===== [[Summary Article|'''SUMMARY''']] =====
1. Significant alkalemia can cause the diffuse paresthesias/numbness and muscle spasms we usually associate with acute hyperventilation.
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<br/>2. High pH increases the fraction of bound calcium. The resulting decrease in ionized calcium produces these symptoms.
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<br/>3. There is no change in total serum calcium.
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<br/>4. This effect also can be induced by rapid overload with intravenous HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> or with citrate (massive blood transfusion). 


==Reference(s)==
Wilkinson, I., Furmedge, D. and Sinharay, R. (2017). Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [https://amzn.to/3YHrI6K Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Feather, A., Randall, D. and Waterhouse, M. (2020). Kumar And Clark’s Clinical Medicine. 10th ed. S.L.: Elsevier Health Sciences. [https://amzn.to/3k7WSW0 Get it on Amazon.]
<br/>Hannaman, R. A., Bullock, L., Hatchell, C. A., & Yoffe, M. (2016). Internal medicine review core curriculum, 2017-2018. CO Springs, CO: MedStudy.
<br/>Therapeutic Guidelines. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. https://www.tg.org.au [Accessed 2021].

[[Category:Acid Base Disorders]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]